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又是一年枫叶红 每年的秋季又来到了，秋季的色彩灿烂缤纷，美丽的季节，正是出游赏景时。本溪的桓仁县大地溪森林公园和宽甸天华山看枫叶的情景还是历历在目。很幸运此时来到这里一饱眼福。 十一前后分别去了宽甸天华山和本溪大地溪森林公园枫叶之旅，下面的照片向您展示~~~~ 天华山位于辽宁省丹东市的宽甸满族自治县灌水镇北部，为长白山余脉，海拔1100多米，距离抚顺市3个小时车程。这里的奇峰、怪石、洞峡、幽涧、瀑布、溪水的自然之美相映生辉，它的奇妙、清幽、雄险和润秀的自然景观资源，被专家们誉为“旷世佳境，万景奇山”。在金秋畅游天华山，从峡谷向上盘行，涌入眼帘的是那层层叠叠的枫林，红、黄、绿、橙、紫相间，五彩缤纷，绚丽耀眼。在阳光的照射下，变幻着五彩斑斓的彩色图案。红的妖艳，黄的明丽，绿的柔和，橙的热烈，紫的端庄，真可谓“淡妆浓抹总相宜”，一路秋色，令人陶醉~~~] 下目的地是比较原生态的大地森林公园。大概是因为知道这里的人不多，这里开发的也不是很完善~~~ ([]
最新章节： 第521章 武炼巅峰 （ 2024-06-05 13:05:24）
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徐木辰印度第一站初识印度------圣城瓦拉纳西昆明杞子 2011年11月20日下午在一位曾经几次走陆路进入印度的韩国女生的带领下,一行8人包了一辆小吉普车从兰毗尼到达尼-印边境口岸. 下车的首要任务就是换币,而需要换的主要货币就是手中所剩的尼泊尔卢比,因为一般背包客是不愿再从印度尼泊尔返回尼泊尔了.而多数人手里的美金也不用急于在此兑换,因为美金在印度国内都是较为受欢迎的币种,在哪都能换到印度卢比,而且汇率相差不会太大.而人民币在尼泊尔相对还好兑换一些,毕竟在尼泊尔的华人较多,汇率也可以按樟木口岸(中国西藏与尼泊尔最大的陆路口岸)计算.但到了印度,就会让你充分感到人民币极没有市场,他们也可以给你换,但计算下来,相当于10元人民币就贬了只能换1美元了.出境前到处可见的换币窗口 (11月20日 225 PM 尼泊尔时间) 我们8人分几拨分别到不同的窗口去询价,因为这里好多的换币窗口它的汇率开价都不一样,但都会包含一定的手续费.按尼印两国政府的约定,两国货币是固定的11.6 即1印度卢比换16尼泊尔卢比,最终,我们分别在两个窗口均以1.62的汇率换完了手中的尼泊尔卢比.当然,也有相关的攻略和有曾走过这线路的朋友提过在不到边境的小镇白沙瓦可以不用交手续费就可以按11.6兑换,可惜这次我们没有能节省下这笔手续费.印有十七种文字的印度卢比纸币 但各面额都印有圣雄甘地的头像 在此建议,换币时最好别忘了换一点零钱,因为零钱可能马上就要用到,这样会方便很多,不然会面临一些不必要的麻烦,下文会提及到.而且尽量避免换成最大票面1000卢比的纸币,毕竟我们第一次面对印度卢比,我们还没有完全正确识别它真伪的能力.待续......注部分关于城市及景点的介绍摘抄于网络.游记包含部分的攻略/行程还有一些值得记忆的点滴.感谢结伴同行及还有一路给予过帮助的朋友.若内容有些许偏差请予谅解续：完成换币后继续前行,这边陲小镇依然热闹拥挤,若不是有志性的两国国门的话,还真认为这就是一个融为一体的城镇.我们顺利找到尼泊尔的离境办公室,还好这没有其他人在办理(我们已经习惯了排队通关).于是在移民局官员和善的微笑中我们填表盖章,顺利地办理了离境手续. 尼-印边境口岸的尼泊尔出入境办公室 (11月20日 318 PM 尼泊尔时间) 我们随着熙熙攘攘的人流越过了两国的大门,正式跨入了印度的国界.同时我们也在纳闷我们没在离境办公室见有其他人,但却有那么多人和我们同时过境,而且守在国门的士兵也没有检查,盘问,也许真是尼印两国亲密无间到了这种境界.进入印度境内,逐渐人流车流也就越来越多,我们根本无法判断印度的入境登记办公室在哪,于是不断询问路边的商铺老板,可都是同样的回答,一直往前走.这时让我想起一朋友说过,她搭了一拖拉机到边境,但不知不觉就进了印度,没人盘查,一直到了开往瓦拉纳西的汽车站时,她才醒悟她拿着好不容易领到的印度证却还是以偷渡的方式进入了印度.我为了避免我朋友同样的情况发生,一边躲让身边的各种卡车.行人.流浪狗,以至于道路边的各种粪便,一边密切注意那隐藏在商铺中的入境登记办公室.果不其然,在一卖类似布料的商铺旁,也就是在入境方向靠左边的一侧,两道门围了几个欧美人的店面,那就是了……不禁汗哪! 左侧即是隐藏在商铺间的印度出入境登记办公室 (11月20日 340 PM尼泊尔时间) 填好表格办理完入境手续,这才算是正式的合法进入这古老又神奇的国度.接下来我们不得不沿着这川流不息的街道继续前行,寻找直达圣城瓦拉纳西的长途汽车站.本来并不算狭窄的道路却塞满的各种边境贸易货运的卡车,而来来往往的行人也在各车辆中川行而过.车辆的喇叭声,行人的吆喝声,更显得道路的嘈杂.凡是之前到过印度的背包客和所有的旅游攻略都在告戒要前往那里的人,只要进了印度必须提防自己的随身物品,以免被盗,于是乎初到这陌生的环境,所有人都象草木皆兵一样的关注着自己的箱包,而且不知是不是这里刚下过雨的原因,道路略显泥泞,我们一路只能手护着行李,低着头小心翼翼的前行.大约走了半个多小时,终于到了长途客运站,说是客运站感觉夸张了一些,它仅仅是个路边的一个小巷子,里面停了两三辆很破旧的客车罢了.我们询问了客车的信息,得知去往瓦拉纳西的客车是印度时间6点出发,行驶10小时左右到达(尼泊尔与中国时差215印度与中国时差230时差都是比中国晚 以下均为印度时间),离客车出发还有一个小时左右的时间,于是大家付钱购好车票后就四周找吃的,并且买些饼干干粮一类的食品,毕竟等待我们的将是一宿夜车的艰辛旅程. 初进印度的第一餐尘土飞扬的街边炒鸡蛋----要享受它得有一定的身心抵抗力哦! (11月20日 500 PM) 同行的所有人从四周回来便不约而同地讨论起刚刚1小时内各自发生的有趣的事情.之前大家都了解了这国度里小偷和骗子居多,更有甚者曾有人说,过境就会面临十人九骗,而且骗子会有几套方案,A方案就是把你骗光,片甲不留.若是没有成功就再实施B方案,骗你的大部分钱财,依次递减骗取数额.如果被你识破了他的骗术的话,那他也会就像什么也没发生,对你憨厚地一笑,并返还骗你的那一部分.听到这些,是不是会感觉印度人民太TM不可思议了.哈哈!其中一女生描述,去买饼干,议价时都说的15(fifteen),而且女生再次确认了15,付款找补时却收了50(fifty),印度的部分人民经常用这英文发音比较接近的方式糊弄非英语国家的游客,这是要显摆一下他们是英联邦的国家吗?目前还不得而知,呵呵.后来经过女生强硬的一再要求下,印度的店家无奈的按15收费.而另一哥们儿,在买香蕉时,成交并付钱找补后返回途中,再次看了攥在手里的钱,越看越不对,这钱咋那么面熟呢?靠!这不是才兑换完了的尼泊尔卢比吗,付钱给他的印度卢比,找钱找的却是尼泊尔卢比.哈….这事,是不是又好气又好笑.同样,他返回去后,那印度小贩微笑地换给他印度卢比.所以前文所述的在换币时,尽可能的备一些零钱,避免在找补时被不良小贩钻了空子.还有其他人也或多或少碰到些问,但总的来说吧,这些骗术可能在这国家内自己身边都将出现不少,但也不至于有多让你伤脑筋,只要注意一些细节,凡事多留心一些,应该是可以避免的,再说,这类事也是这不可思议的国度它文化的组成部分吧!待续...... 续：说是6点出发的车,最终到了7点才发动,.通往瓦拉纳西的公路却不象国内的所谓国道基本都通高速路,它那顶多算也就二级路面罢了.其次,我们乘坐的这大客车,除了能让我找回些童年的回忆外,实在是再没有什么好感了.现在已时值冬季,也算是印度最凉爽的时候,但车箱内仍就透着些许热浪,不禁庆幸自己选择这段时间来到印度,否则那真是万万扛不住的. 在印度搭乘这样夜班车的人真的伤不起哪! (11月20日 800 PM)这破旧的大客车由两名司机轮换着驾驶,时速30-60迈行驶在颠簸的道路上.不料,才行驶两个多小时,客车就缓缓停下,司机下车检查了好长时间没有上来,车上的人也纷纷下车方便,并询问情况,得知车胎爆了,要换轮胎.而更叫人悲催的却是,这车上没有备胎,要等待维修站送轮胎过来.也许印度乘客都习惯了这种意外,没有怨言,相安无事,而作为外国人的我们也只能相视感叹这备胎又占不了多大地方,难道他们对自己的车况信心十足?还是每次出现这样的状况,不管车辆在什么位置,都由维修站送轮胎?无奈的等待了一个多小时,客车再次发动.午夜经过戈勒克布尔,到处的灯火辉煌,同时看见了火车,感觉它算是途经的第一个印度城市.进入市区后,不时传来锣鼓声,从车窗外望去,一支盛装打扮的队伍正喜庆的沿街而过,面客车驶过另一条街又有一队,大家都以为今天又是印度的什么节日吧(印度国内隔三差五就是节日),一问身边的印度人,才知这是结婚的仪式,也许今天的是个印度嫁娶的好日子吧!接下来又是晕晕乎乎的几小时车程,凌晨4点半,客车终于到达瓦拉纳西车站. 凌晨时分到达瓦拉纳西汽车客运站 站内席地而睡的印度旅客 (11月21日 458 AM) 我们懵懵懂懂地下了车,都把行李堆到了站台上,有的靠在行李上休息,有的翻看LP攻略,计划下一步的行程.最后大家还是听取了多次来过这里的韩国女生的建议,现在时间太早,在车站休息至6点左右坐TUTU车直接到恒河边的旅店,那里是外国游客的聚集地.天蒙蒙亮起来,我们也到了恒河畔的街区,接着开始步行穿越巷道寻找合适的旅馆.之前知道瓦拉纳西是个能给背包客截然不同感觉的城市,有的是大爱,而有的却是极其厌恶.当时只能凭想象,充满了困惑,非常渴望早日来亲眼目睹一下.此时,身陷其中,我也体会到有人厌恶的原因所在天刚亮,本就阴暗潮湿的巷道更显得昏暗湿滑,更离奇的是,所有巷道内都有牛站立或睡倒横在其中,经过一宿,随地到处堆积了粪便,使得行走不由的得格外小心避让.其中有的同伴早已嗤之以鼻,表示不想在这过多停留,有了下一步的计划便立马撤退. “神牛”在巷道中横刀立马 (11月21日 645 AM) 待续......续：我们找到久负盛名的”久美子之家”,包括LP都有推荐的这家旅馆,它就紧贴恒河,而此时恒河大雾弥漫,能见度极低,不免都在担心我们来的不是时候,连河水在哪都看不到,这圣河难道将与我们无缘? 久美子之家下的恒河河畔大雾弥漫(11月21日700 AM) 进入”久美子之家”后,发现原来由日本人开的这家旅馆已由一对印度老夫妇经营了,上楼看过床位,这条件并不理想,最终还是选定一家由韩国人开的OM Rest House,300卢比一个间,每人150卢比,相当于20元人民币不到,而且卫生条件要好很多. 久负盛名的”久美子之家”旅馆坐落在恒河河畔(11月22日906 AM) 安顿好住的,注意到恒河上的浓雾在慢慢散去,便迫不及待的想到恒河河畔感受这古老国度的魅力所在.瓦拉纳西是印度教徒心中的圣地,他们人生的四大乐趣------“住瓦拉纳西、结交圣人、饮恒河水、敬湿婆神”有3个都要在瓦拉纳西实现.中国唐朝高僧玄奘当年历经千辛万苦,最终要到的极乐西天指的就是瓦拉纳西. 恒河河畔(11月21日1057AM) 待续......续：瓦拉纳西位于印度北方邦境内,是印度最古老的城市,相传是由印度教中主管生死的湿婆大神所建,信奉印度教的人们相信湿婆常在这里的恒河边上巡视,凡在这里死亡并火化的,均可免受轮回之苦,直接升入天堂,所以每天都有成千上万的教徒从四面八方赶到瓦拉纳西. 恒河河畔供奉湿婆神的庙宇(11月23日700 AM) 沿着河畔漫步,恒河里的景象着实让我们感叹不已.河里不仅有祈祷的教徒,也有洗浴的”神牛”、祭祀的香火.只是经过了几千年洗礼,已经形成各河段分区域特定的功能及含意. 恒河里每天都给”神牛洗澡” (11月21日401 PM) 而其中最为震撼的一个区域就是隆重的焚尸场.没有被烧成灰的尸体被抛入河中,各种污物在河水中时隐时现.从常识上看,恒河很难说得上卫生，但这并不影响恒河在印度教徒心目中的地位.相反却强化了他们的信仰,通过这样的方式,他们希望能洗净现世的业障,而让自己的灵魂平安进入生命的轮回. 远方燃烟处便是恒河河畔焚烧尸体的区域(11月22日843 AM) 尽管在尼泊尔加德满都也有印度教类似的宗教场所(帕斯帕提纳庙也俗称烧尸庙),但相较而言,那里仅是印度教各项活动其中的一个缩影.但在这里说明一点,在这个区域,作为游客的我们,可能没法理解这种仪式,但我们必须得尊重.对于逝者的亲友有的或悲痛有的或随意而安,所有的一切就是这古老国度的文化的组成部分.而我们不能放任自己的好奇心,拿手中的相机或DV肆无忌惮的捕风捉影,所以此文的图片中没有这类细节待续...... 回复 long7475 的帖子并不是直接扔哦 是在恒河河畔烧续：向恒河里放祈福灯的妇女 (11月23日 648 AM) 印度教徒相信恒河能够自我清洁,认为世界上只有恒河水不会滋生出传染病菌,所以他们放心地饮用这里的恒河水,并且用容器把水带回家里,以便在一些隆重日子喷洒在自己身上.由于整个注意力都集中到了来世,以至于忽略了现世的周围环境. 恒河里晨浴前面向日出的祷告 (11月23日 708 AM) 此时节,已算是枯水期了吧,河对岸放眼望去,干涸的河床已然成了一片沙滩.而沿着恒河靠城市这方的几里地,都有极为特色的古老建筑倚河畔而建.有木质的,有砖墙的,也有沙岩的.它们一座座的象古堡一样,挺拔地屹立在历史的长河中,也形成了瓦拉纳西一道非凡的风景. 极有特色的河畔建筑 (11月22日 845AM)待续......续： 漫步当中,曾一起在尼泊尔办理印度证而提前到达瓦拉纳西的朋友,相约于恒河河畔一个叫莲花的餐厅(LOTUS RESTRANT).见面,曾经相伴在一个国家,分开后又到另一个国家再次相聚自然有聊不完的话,从一路的艰辛到圣城瓦拉纳西,大家彼此都有不同的经历和感受.可以眺望恒河的莲花餐厅 最最最受欢迎的是它免费提供WIFI哦 (11月22日155 PM) 身处这别致的餐厅,与外面的环境形成了强烈的反差,安静舒适,并有一半的露台,可以享受阳光微风.站在露台前,一望无际的恒河风景也就呈现在你的眼前.而对于非常在意消费水准的我们,这里的价位是可以接受的,更受很多外国游客欢迎的是它免费提供无线网络(许多旅馆不提供 WIFI就算有也是计时收费的.),以至于在恒河边晃荡累了的我们就会在此点瓶可乐,惬意地享受一下午了.在莲花餐厅远眺恒河及恒河大桥 (11月21日 204 PM) 顺着河边回到城镇,到处的凌乱又映入眼帘,本就不为宽敞的道路两边挤满了各种小贩,而路中央也堆满了各种垃圾.喜爱与厌恶的复杂心情顿时由然而生.紧邻恒河的集市 (11月21日 1102 AM)待续...... 续： 在瓦拉纳西的停留期间,恰逢同行者的生日,在这印度教的圣地,用过只有素食的晚餐后,他无奈的感慨,自己还没有过过这种没有晕菜没有任何酒类的生日啊,只有买点巧克力回去为他的母亲庆祝一下了.这话说得听起来都有些凄凉,于是我们还是不甘心地再次努力寻找啤酒, 我们走出巷道,进入拥挤的瓦拉纳西街头,一直沿着街道仔细地注意所有的店铺,希望能出现我们想要的东西,但在这视饮酒等同于犯罪的印度教圣地,不得不再次令我们失望. 华灯初上的瓦拉纳西街头 (11月22日 714 PM) 瓦拉纳西街头华丽的莎丽店 (11月21日 521 PM) 无奈,我们又返回巷道中.途经几个商铺都不抱希望地小声试问,终于一商铺的妇人示意我们稍等一下,便拿起电话,小声地用印度语讲了一通.一会儿,一当地男子将我们带到另一商店,商定了啤酒品牌/数量和价格,并要我们在此等十分钟然后便收钱骑一辆摩托离开了.大约一刻钟过后,那人回来,手里拎一袋子,里面用报纸包裹着啤酒,并告诫我们要悄悄在旅馆的房间里喝.此时此刻,我已经感觉我是在犯罪了! 历尽艰辛才得到的生日啤酒------KINGFISHER (11月22日 942 PM) 回到房间,打开啤酒.久违了的口感终于找到了.我们一边聊天一边小心翼翼地低声碰撞瓶口以表庆祝,可让我们意外的是,这啤酒比国内的要给力许多,一瓶下去是有明显的力度的,一看酒瓶识,确实酒精度要高一些,要不然还真以为是我们都很久没喝含酒精的东西,早已不胜酒力喽!最后,感觉气氛略为单调了一些,找遍电脑里所有的音乐,没有那首庆生歌,只有一首温岚的<祝我生日快乐>与生日相关.于是就有用它来助下兴吧,音乐响起的同时,这哥们儿的眼泪也快下来了......唉,要在瓦拉纳西过生也怕是场杯具啊! 待续...... 续： 相比起那些刚到瓦拉纳西当天就因承受不了这里的环境而离开的背包客来说,我们呆的时间也算长了,呵呵,于是便在计划离开的前一天订了去往阿格拉的火车票.就在巷道内不远处就有订票代理机构,它也只是在你订票票价的基础上加一定的代理费,总而言之,也还算合理. 面对即将踏上印度的火车,最好还得准备一准工具哦,到过印度的所有人几乎必带锁,不管是东方人还是欧美人,甚至在后来看到印度人民上了火车后,也同样拿出锁把行李锁在座位下专为上锁设计的环扣上,可见,锁这种再普通不过的东西却能在印度国内的火车上发挥着其相当积极的作用啊. 就在瓦拉纳西市场中购买的上火车前必备的”装备”------锁 傍晚,我们按订票代理机构约定的时间取到了预订的火车票,四人同行的就共同出了一张票.当我们仔细看了车票后发现,基本都符合我们的要求,但有一项出发地并非我们所在的瓦拉纳西,而是BUXAR,便让工作人员解释,他告诉我们,当日已经没有次日从这到阿格拉的票了,只有预订瓦拉纳西前面的一个站才行,然后再改从这上车.解释完,我们都面面相觑质疑他所说的,最后这可爱的印度人用发誓的方式向我们保证,这张车票绝对没问的,既然都这样了,我们相信即使有问他们店铺在这里,也可以再来找他们.于是便回去准备下一站的旅程.四人同行从瓦拉纳西至阿格拉的火车票 次日,用过午餐并备了一天的干粮,毕竟从瓦拉纳西到阿格拉要坐一天的车程.然后四人背起行囊走出了巷道,刚出巷道就有许多TUTU的驾驶员上来招揽生意,谈好价钱后便上车赶往火车站.TUTU车刚要驶出这街区,进入市区时,有一警察招手把车拦了下来,而司机便主动掏出20卢比交给他,这算是过路费还是索贿?不懂.但我想起有的背包客说过,最好走出这街区再坐车,不然司机会多加钱,原来是这个原因.最后TUTU车到达火车站站口,付钱时司机非要多加那20卢比不可,我们也非常气愤一据理力争,那钱是他自己给的,并没有征求我们的意见,而且上车前也没有向我们说明这个情况,凭什么要给,于是我们塞给他谈好的数额便头也不回的进了火车站. 过了简单的安检后便在大厅内的显示屏查看我们这列车的月台号,随后找到月台就开始了这漫长的等待,因为只要不是起始站发车的话,中途上车的火车基本都要晚点.四人在这简陋的月台无聊至极,四处张望,一会寻找人群中有无印度美女,一会看看铁轨中间的”神牛”,最后我们看到了脚边垃圾堆上窜来窜去的老鼠. 靠!就连火车站里的铁轨旁也有”神牛”的身影 (11月23日 359 PM) 差不多晚点一小时后,属于我们的列车终于来了,所有人都一跃而起奔向自己的车厢,拥挤的情形不禁让我想起了春运,但看样子在印度,天天都是春运啊. 随着列车的慢慢滑动,我们也即将告别这令人感叹的城市------瓦拉纳西. 瓦拉纳西结束 下一站阿格拉回复 祖传根治鼻炎5 的帖子但人家的文化传承得却非常好啊 印度第二站“完美建筑”泰姬陵在这里------阿格拉昆明杞子2011年11月24日下午,经过20小时左右的车程,火车终于驶入了历史名城------阿格拉,作为统治了全印度几百年的莫卧儿王朝曾经的国都,它积淀了深厚的文化底蕴.而其中首屈一指的就非泰姬陵莫属了.当初选择阿格拉作为下一站也正因为它在这里静静矗立了三百多年,必须亲眼目睹一下它的那份纯净,那份高贵,还有它背后那刻骨铭心的爱情故事.下了火车,环顾四周却对这曾经的国都有些许意外,整个车站冷冷清清,没有了瓦拉纳西的拥挤和嘈杂,这反而使我们有些不太习惯,阿格拉车站内寥寥无几的旅客 (11月24日 124 PM)我们走出火车站,可能阿格拉距离首都新德里仅两百多公里,现在只是一个较小的车站.车站外有一个停车场,停满了各种出租车,有小轿车也有我们熟悉的TUTU. 阿格拉车站的售票厅 (11月24日 130 PM)我们按照LP的推荐,与TUTU车司机谈好价后直接赶往泰姬陵南门寻找住处.似乎所有的背包客都手持一本LP,到了南门附近,随处可见各国的游客,很明显,这也是一个外国人聚集的区域.比较了几家旅馆后,最后确定住在一家300卢比一个间的旅馆,而最关键的是,它的天台可以远眺泰姬陵的全景,并且没有任何的遮挡物.待续......注部分关于城市及景点的介绍摘抄于网络.游记包含部分的攻略/行程还有一些值得记忆的点滴.感谢结伴同行及还有一路给予过帮助的朋友.若内容有些许偏差请予谅解续：放好行李,一看时间还好,便迫不及待地走向南门入口.通往南门的是一条四五米宽的巷子,而整条巷子此时还有很多印度人在排队入园.当即就被这阵式给震住------要是排队,那等进去后那天都黑喽.. 排队过安检入园的泰姬陵南门 (11月24日 403 PM) 当打算放弃当日入园时,便到售票处询问次日几时开馆.可售票员告诉我们,泰姬陵每周五闭馆,而现在购票还来得及参观,外国人票价750卢比(这是印度我去过的最昂贵的门票),是不需要排队的,直接过安检便可进入,但除相机和小包外,不允许携带任何的电子设备和背包.于是我们以最快的速度买票,存包,过安检.最后终于踏进了泰姬陵的南门,穿过人群,迫不及待地进入园内,它便映入了眼帘. 身边嘈杂的人群无法影响它的宁静与祥和 (11月24日 417 PM) 泰姬陵全称泰姬玛哈陵(TajMahal),它坐落在亚穆纳河右侧,是莫卧儿王朝第5代君主——沙·贾汗(ShahJahan)对他心爱的皇后慕塔芝·玛哈(MamtazMahal)之爱的见证. 泰姬陵下的亚穆纳河 (11月24日 420 PM) 待续......续：泰姬陵的建造背后有一段动人的故事,话说沙·贾汗与皇后结婚19年,皇后在1630年第14次生产中去世,临终前向国王要求了4个承诺,其中一项便是为她建造一座人人可瞻仰的美丽陵墓.于是沙·贾汗便耗资500万卢比,完成了这座震惊世人的大理石艺术建筑,作为爱妃长眠之所.而在他死后,与皇后一起被葬在泰姬陵.泰姬陵便成了一座伟大的爱情纪念碑,它是一代君王爱情的见证,向世人讲述着他们的爱情故事.甚至有后人比喻不到长城非好汉,不到泰姬陵就没到过印度,它不再是一座陵寝它是这古老文明的完美体现(11月24日540 PM) 泰姬陵的构思和布局充分体现了伊斯兰建筑艺术庄严肃穆、气势宏伟的特点,整个建筑富于哲理,是一个完美无缺的艺术珍品.所有游客都把印度人民的这一非凡杰作称为印度的奇珍.泰姬陵被誉为“完美建筑”.它由殿堂、钟楼、尖塔、水池等构成,全部用纯白色大理石建筑,用玻璃、玛瑙镶嵌,绚丽夺目、美丽无比,有极高的艺术价值.是伊斯兰教建筑中的代表作. 泰姬陵西侧的清真寺(11月24日442 PM) 虽然它是一座陵寝,可它却没有通常陵寝所有的冷寂.相反你感到它似乎在天地之间浮动.它的和谐对称、花园和水中倒影融合在一起创造了令无数参观者惊叹不已的奇迹.估计有2万名工匠参与了泰姬陵的建造,历时22年才完成.据说参与了工程的建筑师至今没有一位被记录肯定参与了陵寝的建造——这对这个建筑物却是很适宜的,因为建造它的本意在于让人们只记住在陵寝里的人. 平静的水面倒映着泰姬陵(11月24日428 PM). 待续......续：也许是次日不开放的原因,此时已近黄昏,但仍有源源不断的参观者涌入园内,当然绝大部分都是印度人,还有很多已经参观完陵墓的人群聚集在园内不忍离去,继续注视着泰姬陵并且似乎还在相互讨论着它的历史和故事. 已参观完毕的印度妇女席地而坐继续瞻仰着泰姬陵(11月24日415 PM) 我们知道时间紧迫,就急促地走近泰姬陵,在大理石台阶下存放好鞋子(进入陵寝必须光脚头顶围巾或带帽),随着人群依次排队准备进入陵寝参观. 排队进入陵寝的泰姬陵一角(11月24日440 PM) 队列慢慢接近泰姬陵的墙面,此时终于可以近距离地感受它的完美工艺了.泰姬陵是用从322公里外的采石场运来的大理石造的,但它却不是有些照片里的那种纯白色建筑.成千上万的宝石和半宝石镶嵌在大理石在表面,陵墓上的文字是用黑色大理石做的.从一道雕花的大理石围栏上可以看到出色的手艺.阳光照射在围栏上时,它投下变化纷呈的影子.从前曾有银制的门,里面有金制栏杆和一大块用珍珠穿成的布盖在皇后的衣冠冢上(它的位置在实际埋葬地之上).窃贼们偷去了这些珍贵的东西,许多人曾企图挖取镶嵌在大理石栏上的宝石,所以现今进入陵园只能携带随身的小包.但不管怎样,泰姬陵的雄伟壮丽仍使人为之倾倒. 陵寝外墙均为大理石镶嵌的雕花(11月24日451 PM) 进入陵寝后才知,它其实也就二十平方左右的一间屋子,陵墓位于屋子中央,四周都是镂空图案的大理石墙面,所有参观者顺着队列顺时针环视一周后退出屋子,于是便再次走到园内仰望晚霞中的泰姬陵.待续......续：据说泰姬陵百看不厌,它在一天里不同的时间和不同的自然光线中显现出不同的特色.朝霞升起时分,初升的一轮红日伴着亚穆纳河袅袅的晨雾,仿佛要将泰姬陵从睡梦中唤醒,此时的它显得静静的.中午时分,泰姬陵头顶蓝天白云,脚踏碧水绿树,在南亚一向耀眼的阳光映衬下,更出落得玲珑剔透,光彩夺目.傍晚,泰姬陵迎来了它一天中最妩媚的时刻,斜阳夕照下,白色的泰姬陵开始从灰黄、金黄,逐渐变成粉红、暗红、淡青色,随着月亮的冉冉升起,最终回归成银白色.在月色朦胧中,泰姬陵显得格外高雅别致和皎洁迷人,犹如美人泰姬在含情沉思.据称,泰姬陵最美丽的时候,是皓月当空的夜晚,白色的大理石陵寝,在月光映照下会发出淡淡的紫色,清雅出尘,美得仿佛下凡的仙女. 晚霞中淡青色的泰姬陵 (11月24日 505 PM) 本想看看月光下的泰姬陵,可一直匆忙的我们已经饥肠辘辘,便依依不舍地走出了南门.此时,天黑也慢慢暗了.我们穿梭在陵园南门外的街道,寻觅合适的地方吃饭.不经意就在路两旁的商铺中发现有中国的香烟在出售,有”玉溪””紫云”等等,这让我们十分意外, 泰姬陵外的商店出售的”玉溪”烟 仔细端详,这些烟还不错,具备了各项进口识的包装,而且价却更让我们诧异不已,90卢比,相当于10块钱人民币多一点哦,.此时已经迫不及待地想尝一尝久违的家乡味道.于是便付钱收纳,拆开点燃,继而崩溃...... 又是一包”稻草”(我们对印度假烟的评价).的确,要真是正品的话,那早被反倾销喽. 90卢比的中国烟------便宜没好货啊 待续...... 续： 我们找到一家招牌上也有韩文的餐馆.同伴乃东北的朝鲜族.想看看这家有没有好吃点的韩餐以及它的性价比,便进去坐下.非常年幼的服务生给我们送上菜单,同伴接过后仔细浏览了一遍,当翻至最后一页,便兴奋地对我叫道”啤酒”.这一叫差点吓我一跳,还正想开玩笑说.哥们儿,你想酒想疯了吧,但想起这家伙虽然不懂英文,但熟悉韩文,便拿过菜单寻找那我们期待出现已久的”Beer”.果然,它就在那里,确确实实在那里.这也是我第一次在这国度的菜单里看到了这个贴心的单词. 令人心喜的韩国餐馆的菜单 期待已久的啤酒终于上桌了,当我们正准备豪放的畅饮时,小服务员便过来,提醒我们将酒瓶放到桌下,要喝时再提起来喝,看来这里禁酒也是半遮半掩啊!酒足饭饱后,劳累一天的我们便回到旅馆休息了.次日,早上的行程锁定在一个名叫法塔赫布尔西格里的世界文化遗产.法塔赫布尔西格里位于阿格拉市西面而40公里处的阿格拉县,城堡遗址得名于其附近的一个名叫西格里的小村.1986年被列入世界文化遗产.与一个来自上海的哥们用过早餐,然后参考了LP的介绍,每人25卢比坐TUTU车到汽车站(乘LOCAL BUS,但汽车站的名字忘了,这里也有通往新德里的客车.),每人花了27卢比便上车出发,而车票是交钱时便用像POS机一样的东西当场打印出来给你,我没零钱,就付了30元,还在等找补时,售票员告诉我下车时再补,后来我发现好多人也都是这样的,也许这就是他们的习惯吧. 令人惊悚的LOCAL BUS的驾驶位 (11月25日 933 AM) 这上年纪的客车缓缓驶出阿格拉市区,一路颠簸地驶向法塔赫布尔西格里.途中经过几个小村镇时,也有上上下下的乘客.当在一个比较热闹的集市停留时,这哥们看见有兜售香蕉的小贩,便忍不住问了价格,被告之5卢比一个时,就掏10卢比买了两个解馋.刚成交后,他座位旁一学生模样的男孩告诉他,在这里,香蕉是12卢比一公斤.听后,这哥们便将头转男孩,口里含着剥开的香蕉,用诧异的眼神质疑这男孩说的是不是真的哦.约两小时车程,到达法塔赫布尔西格里汽车站.下车时,一位和蔼的大娘还提醒我向售票员找补3卢比,真是没有这样的习惯,我们确实很容易把这事给忘了,这时才注意到,下车后的很多乘客都依次排队在等找补.出了车站,发现它就设在城堡旁的小集市中,外面就是熙熙攘攘的街道. 西格里村镇街道上的骆驼拉车 (11月25日 1129 AM) 街道两旁都是各种小贩,当然也有卖香蕉的.这哥们迫不及待地想要证实邻座男孩的话,便上前询价,当我们还价12卢比一公斤时,小贩说不可能,于是我们就转身准备离开,那小贩却又叫住我们,同意了这个价格.而哥们同时也仰天大呼,他还是给印度人给讹了.想到这2块人民币不到一公斤的香蕉,从来没吃过,并且品相及味道一点都不差,于是乎每人买一公斤,都恨不得把它当饭吃了。待续......续：从LP上了解到,这古堡也是曾经的皇宫,面积相当大,得好几个小时才能逛完,所以尽管还没有饥饿感,但都觉得还是吃些东西再进城堡方便一些.后来发现,这些商贩中好多是卖的同样的东西,看上去像是国内的香酥饼,我们猜想,这可能是这个村镇的特产,一定得尝试一下,便20卢比买了两个,分别尝后,确实不错,又香又酥.而后又吃了些带了些东西,便来到了城堡门前. 仰望城堡拱门的印度老者 (11月25日 1148 AM) 法塔赫布尔西格里城堡是莫卧儿帝国的首都所在地.此城建于1569年,由阿克巴大帝下令建造,但完成后因水源问,14年后便废弃了.现留在城内的宫殿和寺庙如达加清真寺(Dar-gahMosque)、风宫(PalaceofJodhBai)、鹿塔(Hirannar)等,都一一显示莫卧儿王朝时的繁华景况.按照伊斯兰教习俗,必须脱鞋光脚才能进入,于是我们存放好鞋后步入城门,而里面硕大空旷的清真寺让我们豁然开朗. 城堡清真寺内景 (11月25日 1205 AM) 法塔赫布尔西格里的意思是胜利,故后来又命名为胜利宫.其修建经过如下阿克巴大帝虽拥有妻妾多人,但结婚多年仍膝下无儿.某日路过西格里镇,遇见一位先知沙林,自称能预卜未来,便请求其指点迷津.沙林预言阿克巴将可获子继承帝位,但必须遣送两位妻子住在西格里镇.后来其中一位印籍妻子果然生下一子,大帝为感谢先知,将他的儿子取名为沙林,就是日后继承阿克巴帝位的加汉基尔王. 而沙基·沙林·契斯提的墓就在此清真寺院中央,墓上的雕刻装饰精美绝伦. 加汉基尔王的陵寝 (11月25日 1208 PM)待续......续：法塔赫布尔西格里城堡既是莫卧儿文明的体现,又将许多风格相同的纪念碑和寺庙荟萃一地,形成建筑群体的典范.其中最著名的是达加清真寺,它建于1571-1572年间,可容纳1万名信徒作祈祷, 清真寺内弹奏的穆斯林 (11月25日 1209 PM) 该遗址的大多数主体建筑以红沙岩石为原料,组成众多颇具特色的寺庙和一座气势宏大、装饰豪华的皇宫,突出地体现了莫卧儿文明的辉煌成就. 城堡内的红砂岩建筑 (11月25日 108 PM) 两个多小时后,我们游览完了整个城堡,清真寺当天是免费开放,但老皇宫的门票是300卢比.我们顺着城堡外又环视了一周便坐上返回阿格拉市区的客车,赶往下一景点------阿格拉堡. 法塔赫布尔西格里城堡外牵牛的农民 (11月25日 140 PM)待续...... 续： 阿格拉堡,全部采用红砂岩建造而成,故又称红堡,与首都德里的红堡齐名.它的古堡建筑是印度－伊斯兰艺术顶峰时期的代表作. 阿格拉堡城门 (11月25日 423 PM) 阿克巴大帝（系沙杰汗的祖父）选中了现今阿格拉堡的城址,费了近8年的时光,终于在1573年建成了这座古堡.它具有宫殿和城堡的双重功能,城墙高20米,因全部用红砂岩砌成,在阳光照耀之下,发出刺眼的红色.堡内有著名的“谒见之厅”,是莫卧儿王朝帝王接见大臣、使节的地方. 阿格拉堡内的”谒见之厅” (11月25日 503 PM)另有加汉基尔宫（Jehangir’sPalace）、八角瞭望塔（OctagonalTower）和莫迪寺（MotiMasjid因用纯白色大理石建筑而成,精致典雅,故又称珍珠寺）等建筑物.古堡内的建筑物曾多达500多座,但保留至今的已经很少.1983年被列人世界遗产名录.加汉基尔宫是城堡中的重要建筑物，宫内大院四周有二层小楼环绕，宫墙金碧辉煌，彩画似锦。 加汉基尔宫外的二层小楼 (11月25日 515PM)待续...... 续：这古老的城市似乎永远都有那个凄美的爱情故事索绕着.阿格拉堡有一座八角形的石塔小楼,登临塔顶,极目远眺,可以看到举世闻名的泰姬陵,前面就是亚穆纳河,与阿格拉堡遥遥相对. 从阿格堡远眺泰姬陵 (11月25日 438 PM)据说,当年沙·贾汗国王本原计划在河对面再为自己造一个一模一样的黑色陵墓,中间用半边白色、半边黑色的大理石桥连接,与爱妃相对而眠.但泰姬陵刚完工不久,其第三子奥朗则布（Aurangzeb）弑兄杀弟篡位成功,沙·贾汗国王本人也被囚禁在离泰姬陵不远的阿格拉堡的八角小楼内.此后整整8年的时间,沙·贾汗每天默默地坐在小楼中,只能透过小窗,,怀着无限的思念之情,凄然地遥望着泰姬陵,似乎在倾诉他那一颗孤寂哀伤的心.后来视力恶化,仅借着一颗宝石的折射,来观看泰姬陵,直至最终忧郁而死（病死）.但有幸的是,沙·贾汗死后被合葬于泰姬陵内他的爱妃泰姬的身旁. 被囚禁八年的沙·贾汗就在这八角小楼远眺泰姬陵 (11月25日 509 PM) 我们较为仓促地浏览完阿格拉堡,此时夜幕也已经降临.从城堡出来,就有许多人力三轮车夫上来招揽,上海哥们提议,这交通工具还没坐过,还是体验一下吧.于是商议好价格,以每人15卢比到达泰姬陵南门.一路上这三轮车夫很奋力踩着车子,不时用裹在头上的围巾擦拭额头上的汗水.当骑行上坡时,他再也踩不动了,就下车拖拉,而我们也不忍再坐着,便下车步行.最后,若是坐TUTU可能15分钟就能到达的路程,我们却花了半个多小时. 夜幕下骑行的三轮车夫 (11月25日 541 PM) 到达阿格拉的第三天,我们和偶遇的两名台湾男生一行五人确定一早便坐LOCAL BUS赶往印度的首都------新德里.打整好背包就一起出门坐了一辆TUTU,告之了司机汽车站的名字(前一天去法塔赫布尔西格里的车站,曾询过去新德里的票价是150卢比.),并再三地与他确认.一刻钟后,他却带我们到了一个只有两辆客车的小车站,看似是属于那种私人的营运的客车.司机下车便和售票处的人嘀咕了几句,然后对我们说到了,我们没下车就质疑他不是这里,他解释说这里也可以坐车,而且车好车快等等.我们一问票价才知是250卢比,于是再次强烈要求司机重新带我们去原来说好的车站.司机无奈地上车,最后到车站又向我们索要多跑一个地方的车费,所有人都很无言,这坑爹的人居然还能提这要求,便递给他谈好的车费,头也不回地踏进车站,准备新的旅程. 阿格拉结束 下一站德里 印度第三站(中转站)印度的心脏------德里昆明杞子2011年11月26日傍晚，客车终于到达德里市区的汽车站。第一次到印度地名最为熟悉的城市，而且就是首都，难免有些激动。而作为印度之旅的中转站，第二次是从北印阿姆利则南下路过时做了短暂停留，第三次则是订了从德里飞往广州的机票，从果阿北上仅停留了一天。此次印度行程其中很重要的一个环节就是在尼泊尔时与印度穆斯林的朋友MUNNA相约27号在德里相见，因为我们受他邀约同去他在克什米尔的家乡作客。所以，我们一路计划着时间，于26号到达德里，准备第二天等他从加德满都飞抵德里时联系。华灯处上的首都，热闹非凡。我们跟着两个台湾男生(他们已经在德里住过几天)坐上TUTU驶向最近的地铁站。一路上，可爱的台湾男生向我们建议：德里城市较大，而且城市里有几处都值得去的古迹景点，交通还是地铁即方便又便宜，只要进地铁站办一张SMALL CARD，那市内的交通问就基本解决了，离开德里不需要时，再到窗口还卡，退走卡里的余额和卡费就搞定了。后来在几次来到德里的日子里SMALL CARD确实带来了很多便捷。进了地铁站，于窗口前交了100卢比(其中50卢比是卡费50卢比是充值)。便拿到了SMALL CARD。通过安检，来到站台前，春运的一幕又呈现在眼前，唉……印度人确实太TMD多了，尤其这里是首都德里。挤进车厢，继而换乘，最后在NEW DHILI站下车，出了地铁站，就是新德里火车站了，然后穿越过火车站，到它的另一侧，对面就是大多数外国人聚集的区域,我们在台湾男生的指引下就要住在这里的SPOT GUEST HOUSE旅馆。双人间和间都是400卢比一间，也就每人200卢比。 SPOT GUEST HOUSE的双人间 身后是卫生间 （11月26日 1044 PM）次日，没有市区的游览计划。因为一周以来，都在日以继夜的赶行程，是得好好休整一下，而更为重要的是下午MUNNA到德里后要第一时间联系上，商量去克什米尔的安排。下午，按我们约定的时间，联系上了MUNNA，他随后来到我们住的旅馆接我们，确定我们去克什米尔的人数，便帮忙订机票。只是他之前就订了第二天的机票才2000卢比左右，现在再订已经没有同班的票，只能订到后天的了，而且票价是3800卢比，但是为了这行程中的重点，我们商议后一致同意，最终确定了他28号飞走，而我29号飞，并再次约定他会在航班到达时来机场接我们。一切办妥之后，MUNNA便尽地主之谊带领我们开始游览德里市区的景点。坐上TUTU车几人来到了德里红堡下，可能是周日的原因，红堡外聚集了相当多的人群，进城堡还得排队。 周日红堡外喧闹的街道 （11月27日 351 PM） 德里红堡（简称：红堡，Red Fort， Lal Qil'ah、Lal Qila），自1639开始建造，耗费了近10年的时间才完成。它是莫卧儿帝国时期的皇宫，自沙.贾汗皇帝时代开始，莫卧儿首都自阿格拉迁址于此。红堡属于典型的莫卧尔风格的伊斯兰建筑，紧邻亚穆纳河，因整个建筑主体都是用红色砂岩所建，所以呈红褐色而得名红堡。 红堡有护城河环绕，四面环以厚重的围墙，气势非凡，在设计的同时兼顾到美学及战略因素。城堡内的建筑包括明珠清真寺、公众厅与私人厅以及专供皇帝使用的冉玛哈勒宫等。 德里红堡的城门（11月27日 403 PM）待续...... 注部分关于城市及景点的介绍摘抄于网络 .游记包含部分的攻略/行程还有一些值得记忆的点滴 .感谢结伴同行及还有一路给予过帮助的朋友 .若内容有些许偏差请予谅解 续： 几人走到城堡下的广场，里面的工作人员示意我们要进城堡得先到旁边购票，过去一问票价好像是200卢比，MUNNA便征求我们的意见。我个人认为，周日城堡里的人也肯定是超多的，而且从城堡外看也是红砂岩的建筑，和阿格拉堡可能类似吧，于是建议去市区其它地方再逛逛算了。 从红堡广场出来，我们双穿梭在拥挤的人街道上。MUNNA还不时地提醒我们注意好自己的东西，尤其是钱包，因为在这里，什么情况都会发生。步行一段后，我们在路边一个小摊前停下，小摊上有黄瓜有白萝卜还有胡萝卜，样子挺新鲜的，MUNNA便建议咱们尝试一下这萝卜。说实话，若是只有我们自己，是不会吃印度路边上卖的东西的。但他都敢吃了，我们也就体验一下喽。我挑了胡萝卜，就看到摊主拿起，用刀从中间剥开，撒上各种料(看不懂是些什么)，再次合上递给我。一试，胡萝卜味不错，而中间那料应该是盐和MASALA(印度的一种香料 味挺重)，反正吃起来怪怪的，不太习惯。路边摊上各种的萝卜 （11月27日 412 PM） 继续前行，扑面而来一股刺鼻且恶心的气味，前面步行的人也纷纷走下人行道，绕开前方这段区域，我们随之走过一看，靠!真够震憾，这就是闹市区里男士专用的卫生场所?”够气派”……红堡外的”公共卫生间” （11月27日 418 PM） 差不多步行了一个小左右，来到了德里最大的清真寺------贾玛清真寺。这里应该是MUNNA最熟悉的地方了，边走边和我们介绍这里的种种，可惜我们水平太差，大多都没听明白，我猜是有关伊斯兰教的信仰吧。后来了解到，伊斯兰教的发源地在阿拉伯，后来传入印度，成为印度的主要宗教之一。这个贾玛清真寺是全印度最大的清真寺（“贾玛”的意思是“大”），也是目前世界上最大的清真寺。这座清真寺高大而庄严，建筑在一座岩石小山的高台上，距离地面大约有9米，远远望去，三座弧形突起的白色圆顶和两支高耸的尖塔，在蓝天白云的衬托之下，雄伟壮丽。1857年民族大起义时，英国殖民军对起义的德里人民进行报复，曾封闭大清真寺达5年之久，甚至扬言要炸毁它，当德里人民交付20万卢比后，才得以回到穆斯林手中。每到礼拜日，特别是伊斯兰教的重大节日，穆斯林从四面八方来到这里朝拜，把清真寺门前挤得水泄不通，数以千计的头戴白色帽子的教徒，排列整齐，跪在地上虔诚祈祷，一望无际，蔚为壮观。 最大的清真寺------贾玛清真寺 （11月27日 449 PM） 离开清真寺，已到黄昏，我们在MUNNA的引领下，穿过几条喧哗的街道，来到一个小巷，两边全是餐馆，每个餐馆门口都琳琅满目地摆放着各类特色的招牌食品。而最吸引眼球的还是锅碗里的牛啊羊啊鸡啊的肉类，对于一星期以来，基本没沾过荤腥的我们，现在真是名副其实的垂涎欲滴啦。待续......续：MUNNA带我们进了一家生意爆好的清真馆，真可谓人满为患哦，已经没有了座位。服务员示意我们稍等就可以用餐，于是无聊的十多分钟后终于落座，坐东的MUNNA拿菜单点完菜后服务员就给我们上了印度版的可乐。而接下来却又是漫长的等待，尽管在尼泊尔时，我们已经习惯了他们的做饭效率，本想穆斯林们应该会麻利一些，可他们还是一样，若这样他们要做一顿中餐的话，吃客定会有生命危险的! 印度可乐的味道就像LOGO一样------真棒 （11月27日 515 PM） 等待中只能依靠这可乐来缓解饥饿和抵御口中分泌的唾液。菜品终于还是上来了，有牛肉鸡肉还有烤鱼哦，太棒啦!此时，在我眼内，MUNNA绝对是不折不扣的款爷，我们必须不遗余力地发挥吃货的精神用血雨腥风的方式完成这些桌上的美食来报答MUNNA。仅仅用了等待的十分之一的时间就基本完成的所有的肉类，甚至在餐间都差点忘了拍个照做纪念。接着服务员上了馕和炒牛肉末，我们跟着MUNNA的手法用馕把肉末卷起来一块吃，味道好极了。餐毕，我们总结了印度之行的餐饮精要：在印度教徒的餐馆除了咖喱还是咖喱，要想打牙祭，还得找穆斯林哪! 我们要把一周以来所缺的荤腥全都补回来了 （11月27日 522 PM） 饭后MUNNA又叫了TUTU车，带我们去印度门。 它是纪念二次大战中死亡的9万名印度士兵，类似凯旋门。夜晚的印度门广场灯火辉煌，也如同我们每个城市的人民广场一样，是所有市民饭后休闲的地方。而这周日，刚好有一海军乐队在印度门下举行汇演，整个广场的上空都回荡着他们的歌声。 夜灯上的印度门 （11月27日 652 PM） 这是在德里和MUNNA相聚的唯一一天。第二天，他将飞抵克什米尔，而我们就还有一天可以自行安排。 待续......续：次日早上起床，在旅馆外吃过OMELET(印度最常见的早餐 两片面包夹着加了许多调料的煎蛋)，其他朋友都要接着休息不想出门，于是便照两位台湾男孩推荐的景点独自出发。坐上地铁驶向第一站阿克沙汉姆庙(Akshardham Temple)，听说这座寺庙比较新，好像建于上世纪90年代，但整个建筑没有使用任何钢铁建材，由纯粹由红砂岩和大理石建造而成，融合了印度神话和北印度各派的建筑文化，有两万个栩栩如生的印度教神像，且分别错落有致，具有很强的立体感。一下地铁，在站口就询问工作人员，阿克沙汉姆庙该怎么去，不想他却告诉我，今天周一，那里是不开放的。我顿时无语，而后他看我有些不失望便又说，那离地铁站有点远，步行得半个多小时，一般都是坐出租车去的。想来想去以即耽误时间去外围看看那不如去下一景点算了，无奈又进了地铁站。地铁站内阿克沙汉姆庙的大型宣传图 （11月28日 1007 AM） 为了避免同样的杯具发生，回到地铁站便向工作人员询问我的下一景点库特布高塔是否开放，得到肯定的答复后，我上了回市区的地铁，后又转乘另一条线，最后在地图示的站点下车。库特布高塔是首都德里著名的城市地之一，还被称为“印度斯坦七大奇迹”之一。联合国教科文组织于1993年将其收入世界文化遗产名录。据说，公元1193年，由奴隶王朝第一个国王库特布•乌德•;丁开始修建，后由其继承人在十四世纪中叶最后完工。此塔建造目的，是象征胜利，故又称胜利塔。关于塔的起源，很多人相信建造此塔是为了象征当时穆斯林在印度的统治，但也融合了印度教与伊斯兰教的特色。 一柱擎天的库特布高塔 （11月28日 1145 AM） 出了地铁站，又坐上TUTU车，几分钟之后便到了库特布高塔大门。继而花了250卢比进入园内。在此之前，对这地方是完全陌生的，即使曾经听到过，但也从来没有记住过它。现在身入其境后，我不同自主地便被它的宏伟壮观所折服。当天晴空万里，没有一丝云彩。红砂岩所建成的高塔呈朱红色，一层层由粗到细地叠加，冲入云霄。抬头望去，它映在蔚蓝的天空中，显得格外壮丽。塔身雕刻着古老的文字图案，每一层的图案各异，据说是由不同国王所建，第四、五层因年久失修倒塌，再加上一次飞机事故，使原来的百米高塔，降到如今的高度（现塔高72。5米）。漫步园中，到处留有浓厚的伊斯兰教宗教文化遗迹，高塔与各类建筑以及园内四周的围墙上都布满有刻有伊斯兰文的砂岩。 园内围墙上雕刻有伊斯兰文的砖块（11月28日 1150 AM） 待续......续：游览一圈后出园，返回地铁站。就在这片区域附近还有莲花寺，它是一座风格别致的建筑，它既不同于印度教的庙宇，也不同于伊斯兰教的清真寺，甚至同印度其他比较大的教派的庙宇也无一点相像，它建成于1986年，是崇尚人类同源、世界同一的大同教的教庙。它高34。27米，底坐直径74米，全部采用白色大理石建造。莲花寺外貌酷似一朵盛开的莲花，故称莲花寺。这与印度的历史有一定关系，莲花在印度教和佛教派中被奉为神物，在当代印度人心目中又贵为国花，所以这座庙宇一建成就备受印度人的喜爱。地铁快到莲花寺站时，我从窗外就注意到莲花寺的那夺目的屋顶一扫而过(地铁这段是城市高架)，接着地铁减速进站了，说明出站后不用再坐其他交通工具就可以到。出站时。包括我仅寥寥几人，想来这应该只是个偏远小站吧。 罕见得看不到人的德里地铁站------莲花寺 （11月28日 219 PM） 凭着感觉大致的方位，大约步行一刻钟便到了莲花寺的大门，看到的却是同样的大门紧闭，门口的提示牌也注明了周一不开放。此时真有些崩溃，但又有些不甘心，便走向大门，看到守卫就央求能否进门拍张照片就走，因为我明天就要离开德里了。他指着围栏上端的监控探头告诉我，他本人很愿意帮我，可无奈那监控不能让他犯错。怀着沮丧的心情，环绕寺外街道，看能否找到一个围栏内没有遮挡物的地方，好生拍个莲花寺全景，也算不虚此行了。可惜寺庙一圈走了近一个小时，都没有较好的视角，最后回到大门附近，看到一处寺内植物低矮的围栏柱子时，便一不做二不休，干脆跃身跳上柱子，以绝对的高度按下了快门。 跳到围栏上拍到的莲花寺 （11月28日 210 PM） 用不雅的方式获得一张照片后，也算稍稍弥补一下悲催的无奈。随后凝望手里的德里地图，看到国会一带有不错的建筑，心想既然到首都了，那里也该去走走的，至少大街道上不会封闭，严禁通过吧！还是搭乘地铁，出站后走几分钟就到这片区域。这里没有了川流不息的车辆，没有了熙熙攘攘的人群，也没有了尘土垃圾。这是我在北印过见最为清爽的地方，真的。 这让我想起<三傻大闹宝莱坞>;里的街道（11月28日 302 PM） 待续...... 续： 漫步其中，终于感受到一些首都的气息，宁静祥和。街路上空无一人，与街道另一头的印度门市区形成极大的反差，甚至有一疑问都出现在脑海里：这块区域是不是对印度国民所禁止的，就像国内许多地方都有”闲杂人等 严禁入内”的警示。直到看到空旷的草地上有休闲的市民，这奇怪的问才得以消失。 国会大厦外休憩的市民与白鹭 （11月28日 308 PM） 四周都有持枪的警卫人员在站岗和巡逻，每隔几十米就有岗哨。从远处看个个英姿飒爽，”神圣不可侵犯”，而每当你走过他们身旁时，他们都会向你露出友善的笑容，示意欢迎您的到来。而你也会情不自禁地在他的感召下，回报一个微笑，或是一个半摇头(印度人民表示同意和赞同时是半摇一下头)。 八角亭下的哨卫 而街道的另一端就是印度门 （11月28日 324 PM） 这区域中有一块草地，可能是专供活动展出或是进行外事交流的吧。而就在这，当天可能有某个活动正要举行，停车场停满了各种电视台的信号车，还有各种记者有的举着相机拍照，有的扛着摄像机对着手拿话筒的讲解员。 身着盛装奔向活动会场的印度妇女（11月28日 328 PM） 待续......续：一天不停地走动，略显疲倦了，于是沿着街区走向另一个地铁站准备返回住地。一路上不断地感受着异国情调的人和事，的确，独自置身于印度，你能随心所欲地去留意那些你所感兴趣的一切东西。可能德里是人与动物间相处最为和谐的首都了吧 （11月28日 344 PM） 当然，也有对你感兴趣的当地人会和你搭讪，问东问西，甚至会要求和你合影，但我都婉言谢绝了。因为好多攻略有提过对于这事需要慎重，而我在泰姬陵时曾在一位印度父亲的请求下与他的儿子合影后，随后就有一群人围下来要求和你合影，搞得你真是有些不知所措。所以要杜绝这种事就要从一开始就婉拒它。 回旅馆途经的清真寺 （11月28日 359 PM） 最后搭乘地铁回到旅馆，做次日出发克什米尔的准备。29日清晨，我们再次背起行囊，来到新德里地铁站，乘坐直达机场的地铁专线。过了安检，我们想要确定我们的机票是在哪个航站楼应该在哪个站下车，机场专线它仅有五六个站点，而机场附近有三个吧，于是我们把电子票给入站口服务台的工作人员确认，他们似乎也不能肯定还叫来了主管，他仔细看后，告诉我们应该在机场前一站叫TEMINAL 3的地铁站下车，并又在电子票上用笔帮我们写下这个站名。当我们谢过刚要转身离开时，他们又提醒我们需要购买机场专线的车票，我们说有SMALL CARD时，他们微笑地告诉我们这卡不能在这专线使用，必须重新买，票价是60卢比。购票进入站台，就看到它随时都有一条非常崭新的地铁在候客，大约每隔一刻钟便出发一趟。 舒适快捷的机场地铁专线 （11月29日 739 AM） 又花了不到二十分钟的时间，我们就到站下车了。此时觉得，德里的这条专线非常靠谱，尽管德里城市非常大，交通非常糟糕，但到机场的时间却是最好控制的。 出了地铁站，这离TEMINAL 3航站楼是还有些距离，还得叫上一辆出租车才行(其实也不算出租车了，就像咱们国内跑私运的黑车)，和我们相当熟悉的铃木面包车主谈好价后最后用了十分钟终于到了机场。待续......续：我们第一次到印度机场，预留的时间较多，到达时离登机还有一个多小时，也听说一进机场大厅就得检验你的证件和机票等等，若是你出来又要重新检查，所以要打发这些时间，进去之前，我们可以好好看看这里的四周。近些年，可能印度受到一些恐怖袭击的影响，印度政府对安保方面的工作真可谓做到严防死守，航站楼附近随处可见全副武装的戒备。 机场大厅外巡视的吉普 （11月29日 900 AM） 半小时后，经过门卫的检验后进入到了机场大厅，开始办理登机手续。这里只有国内的航班来往，可能也都是一些印度较小的航空公司在此运营，人流没有想象的那么大，很快便完成了托运等手续。最后，我们的航班准点登机起飞，飞往我们既期待又忐忑的克什米尔。 候机厅外我们即将乘坐飞往克什米尔的小飞机 （11月29日 953 AM） 第二次来到德里是12月5日晚9点从北印的阿姆利则，乘坐夜车大巴南下到德里，然后再确定去往南印的时间及方式，而且大巴是6日清晨7点到达。每个人都极为疲惫，必须在此停顿休整， 我们仍旧回到原来住的SPOT GUEST HOUSE，一进房间便倒下睡着了。醒来已到了晚饭时间，突然很是想念家乡的味道，于是取出寄存在总台的提包，拿出我们在尼泊尔就备好的所有食品及电热杯，重新尝试最值得回味的主食------方便面。 其实方便面都不是没有好吃的时候------就看是在何种情况下罢了（12月6日 645 PM） 待续......续：次日，我们计划时间要赶在圣诞节来临之前离开阿果的话，就得提前预订去往果阿的车票，因为一到圣诞节，果阿的食宿就将要翻几倍，那是我们很难承受的了，尽管那里节日的气氛十分的诱人。刚进车站，就有人上前搭讪，当得知我们的要求时，他带我们到了售票窗口，准备排队购票，可同伴觉得这个似乎是个售站台票的窗口，并不是我们要去的专门为外国人提供售票服务的地方。于是就重新四处寻找，最后，在那售站台票的窗口就有楼梯，上到二楼便看到很多欧美人聚集在这，这就是专门提供外国人车票的大厅。我们填好了购票申请表，依次顺着大厅四周的凳子不停地换座排队。终于到了我们，一经查询，这离圣诞还有半个多月的时间，去果阿的火车票却已经售完。无奈，只能先到孟买，再考虑到果阿的行程。 很多外国人在大厅内排起环形的队伍等待购票 （12月7日 1216 PM） 本想在德里可能就只有一次机会到机场坐飞机，因为我们计划南下后，也许会在果阿或是再往南的城市飞离印度，而这唯一的一次也没能到它的国际机场，还是有些遗憾。可真是计划没有变化快，当12月13日订了新德里飞往广州回国的机票后，我独自从果阿坐火车于15日再次到达德里，而这次就是在新德里国际机场出发了。 新德里国际机场的大厅外景 （12月16日 740 PM） 在即将离开之前，步入新德里的市井，购买一些较有特色的小礼物，吃了最后一顿印度午餐，虽然之前的一个月，它是如何地令我们头痛。回到旅馆后，整装打包，继而踏上机场专线的地铁。 在印度一人吃的最为“饕餮”的一餐 （12月16日 1255 PM） 待续......([]
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沈君祯Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth(
欧美独立站运营二
许军菁从西藏回来一周了，不知是醉氧还是心逗留在那，时不时恍惚之间，思绪又飘到了喜马拉雅山脉的山谷里，七天所经历的一幕幕，又会浮现在眼前。古人说：山中方七日，世上已千年。好在真不是这么回事，我的亲人们、我的朋友们依然年轻、依然健康，正因为有了他（她）们的牵挂、祝福，经历了路上爆胎、车子冲下路基差点翻到沟里、车子追尾等等有惊无险的花絮后，平安归来。 有朋友说：雪山和大海是看不腻的！我同意，看着雪山或大海，的确可以发一天的呆。所以这几年来，夏天看海拍海，秋天进山拍雪峰，成了我的摄影主。今年的秋摄计划早在几个月前就确定，每个周末的爬山拉练只为这次徒步之旅，时不时担忧自己的体能、时不时担忧自己半月板已破碎的膝关节如何能应付这高海拔的连续徒步之旅，但我知道一点，现在不去，以后可能身体真的去不了了，抱着即使膝关节再伤害得重一点也要走一趟的决心，踏上了这趟旅程。 感谢这次同行的三位朋友：亚克西、言语、和曦，从订机票、联系住宿、租车、租牦牛、徒步之中的食、住。。。无一不为这趟之旅付出了辛勤的汗水。七天徒步行程：第一天：曲当乡--优帕村--晓乌措第二天：晓乌措--卓湘第三天：卓湘--热嘎第四天：热嘎--白当第五天：白当--热嘎第六天：热嘎--错学仁玛第七天：错学仁玛--伦珠林村--优帕村 珠峰东坡，在国内并不算特别有名气的徒步线路，但在国外驴友界却名声显赫。珠峰东坡和嘎玛沟在上世纪被美国和英国探险家赞誉为 “世界十大景观”之一、“世界上最美丽的山谷”、“世界十大经典徒步线路之一”。因其整个徒步线在珠峰自然保护区内，风景非震震撼，珍稀野生动植物繁多，同时可以欣赏到珠峰（世界第一）、洛子峰（世界第四）、马卡鲁峰（世界第五）。 此地区的特点主要是海拔高（平均海拔在4000m以上），雪山融水形成湖泊众多，天气好时能近距离欣赏雪山的震撼之美。线路上人迹罕至，生态原始，水源丰富，珍稀动植物时有所见，星星点点的高山湖泊如宝石般散布，加之嘎玛沟沟谷幽深，景色非常之迷人。 我们的徒步之旅，前几天是令人非常沮丧的，云雾太重，象第四天的行程，路上都没拍过一张，而带去的五块相机电池，最后剩下三块都没有用，因为每天吃过晚饭就开始下雨下雪，曝高原星空的愿望一直没能达成，但上天和神山还算关照，把好天气留在了最后两天，把大家最为看重的雪山倒影完美展现出来，所以总的来说，这一趟还算不虚此行。卓湘营地的早晨汤湘观景台白当营地看珠穆朗卓峰 晨拍珠穆隆索峰、洛子峰、珠峰 (从左至右）日出前天空泛起玫瑰红日照三峰晶莹剔透钻石山冰雪霜遥相呼应徒步七天感想良多，无奈怕打字，就不必矫情感概！下面按时间顺序用图片做个流水帐。俺一直建议进藏的航班选择个靠窗的位置，有机会航拍到雪山就赚到！可惜俺的航班太晚，再加上航班延误半个小时，只能抓住夕阳的一点尾巴拉萨－－日喀则－－曲当乡2.青稞熟了拉萨－－日喀则－－曲当乡3.不是新都桥，也有红草地拉萨－－日喀则－－曲当乡4.拉萨－－日喀则－－曲当乡5几米阳光？拉萨－－日喀则－－曲当乡6.拉萨－－日喀则－－曲当乡7.第二天就中秋节，好多年没在外面过了！本想从深圳带两个月饼过节吃也好，做路餐吃也好，但想到月饼易碎衣压遂放弃。没想到中秋这天，在曲丹乡转了半天也没找到月饼卖，好在和我们同行程的另一个安徽团的驴友带了几个月饼，中秋之夜和他们聊天之际吃了一点，表示过了这节，安徽团友如果看到此贴，俺再次表示感谢！拉萨－－日喀则－－曲当乡8.久乌拉垭口，世界上最好的雪山观景台，全球14座八千米以上的五座雪山尽收眼底，珠峰右边是卓奥友峰、希夏邦马峰、珠峰的左边是洛子峰、马卡鲁峰拉萨－－日喀则－－曲当乡9.珠峰巨大的金字塔山体矗立在蓝天下 拉萨－－日喀则－－曲当乡10卓奥友峰美轮美奂拉萨－－日喀则－－曲当乡11.此情此景忍不住和神山合影一张多谢各位朋友的支持、鼓励、欣赏，由于时间关系我就不一一回复了！第一天徒步路线：曲当乡(海拔3700m)——优帕村——晓乌错（4700米）上升900米 这是让我崩溃的一天，背着单反一机三头，三脚架，路餐，保暖衣服，1公斤的饮用水，整个背包合计28斤左右，然后从曲当乡开始徒步（很多队伍是从曲当乡坐车到优帕村开始徒步的，这样可以少走八九公里），翻不完的垭口，永远不够吸的高原稀薄空气中的氧气，1公斤的饮用人还剩1/3的路程就喝光，累、渴，每翻过一个垭口就希望能看到营地点，在无数次的失望之后，在麻木地拖动着疲惫的脚步往前的时候，终于走到了晓无措营地，时间已经快来到下午六点，乌云满天，晚霞没戏，疲惫、反胃，一头钻进帐篷睡去，直到同伴煮好面条喊起来随便吃点。躺在帐篷一瞬间，突然萌发了明天下山吧！我这体力可能撑不完全程，但又想可能今天背负不当，背的东西太多，饮用水太少，还有不该从曲当乡开始徒步，浪费了时间和体力。。。不想那么多了，明早起来再看身体条件再定，帐篷外飞起毛毛细雨，沉沉睡去，夜间又醒来无数次，高海拔地方始终睡得不踏实。12曲当乡——晓乌错13背了一天的三脚架，就路上按了两张流水慢门曲当乡——晓乌错14 第二天徒步行程：晓乌错（4700米）——-小乌拉（4900米）——卓湘（4000米） 第二天早上起来，觉得身体状况不错，又有信心接着往下走，可惜出帐篷一看，雪山呢？以前看过驴友们在晓乌错拍的雪山全都在云里雾里，比较沮丧，既然没啥好拍的，晓乌措也没啥好留恋的了，收拾东西走人。鉴于第一天负重过多，累得半死，毫不犹豫地把两个镜头、三脚架、头灯等全装到驮包内，让牦牛去驮吧，路餐也减了一半，顿时觉得包轻了不少，出发吧！15.别人拍的晓无措有雪山，可惜俺的眼里只有云和雾了晓乌错－－卓湘16.远处的湖就是晓乌措，第一天的营地就扎在湖边晓乌错－－卓湘17.歇会儿吧！晓乌错－－卓湘18.左边还有个更大的海子晓乌错－－卓湘19.小乌拉山口，马卡鲁雪山露了半个脸，好像在鼓励我们继续往前晓乌错－－卓湘20.我们满怀信心，相信一定会云开雾散，雪山会和我们坦诚相见晓乌错－－卓湘21.可惜高原气候多变，越走雾越大，别说拍雪山，连前行的路都快看不清了，收起相机专心赶路，时间过了两天没拍到一张满意的照片，雪山也才露了半个脸，急，真让人急！在下了很多很多坡后，在下坡时脚趾被鞋子挤得隐隐作痛时，终于看到卓湘营地。晓乌错－－卓湘22.安营扎寨，烧火做饭。由于第一天在晓无错到营地就倒下，今天状态不错，所以东转转西逛逛，好奇牦牛工带了啥吃的，藏耙、青稞、酥油茶、藏酒，不得不承认他们自己酿的藏酒很不错，后来几天，我们开始讨，后来用食品换，饱了几次口福。晓乌错－－卓湘23..有时世界真的很小，在茫茫的喜马拉雅山脉中，在同一个营地碰到来自深圳的走陈家塘的队伍，而我们的同伴和他们的队员居然是相识好久的老友，大家言谈甚欢，当晚在篝火旁，在他们年轻活泼的藏族小伙向导的带领下，大家又唱又跳，玩得很HIGH。第三天徒步行程：卓湘（4000米）－－汤湘（4500）－－热嘎（4200米）这天的徒步行程终点原计划到汤湘营地的，但昨晚走陈塘沟的队伍建议我们多走一个多小时到热嘎安营扎寨，因为汤湘营地取水又远又困难，我们关心的是哪个营地漂亮的？后来徒步到汤湘，才发现的确取水很困难，所以又接着徒步到热嘎，没想到热嘎也很漂亮。24.由于前晚玩得很HIGH，加上营地海拔较低，睡得都很踏实，第二天醒来一看天都亮了！卓湘－－热嘎25.扭头一看，西边的雪山露出来了，马上穿衣，扛起三角架，跑到小溪边，场景很梦幻哦！
草莓影院在线观看凹凸
连思婷又是一年枫叶红 每年的秋季又来到了，秋季的色彩灿烂缤纷，美丽的季节，正是出游赏景时。本溪的桓仁县大地溪森林公园和宽甸天华山看枫叶的情景还是历历在目。很幸运此时来到这里一饱眼福。 十一前后分别去了宽甸天华山和本溪大地溪森林公园枫叶之旅，下面的照片向您展示~~~~ 天华山位于辽宁省丹东市的宽甸满族自治县灌水镇北部，为长白山余脉，海拔1100多米，距离抚顺市3个小时车程。这里的奇峰、怪石、洞峡、幽涧、瀑布、溪水的自然之美相映生辉，它的奇妙、清幽、雄险和润秀的自然景观资源，被专家们誉为“旷世佳境，万景奇山”。在金秋畅游天华山，从峡谷向上盘行，涌入眼帘的是那层层叠叠的枫林，红、黄、绿、橙、紫相间，五彩缤纷，绚丽耀眼。在阳光的照射下，变幻着五彩斑斓的彩色图案。红的妖艳，黄的明丽，绿的柔和，橙的热烈，紫的端庄，真可谓“淡妆浓抹总相宜”，一路秋色，令人陶醉~~~] 下目的地是比较原生态的大地森林公园。大概是因为知道这里的人不多，这里开发的也不是很完善~~~ ([]
—本二本三本高清乱码
陈筱海目录：（本篇游记按地点记录，不是完全按照时间顺序）一、开篇 二、阿布扎布（贫瘠的外星球） 第2-3页 三、雅典（卫城、奥林匹克遗址、卫兵换岗、女人街） 第3-10页 四、米克诺斯岛（裸体天堂海滩、山顶风车、小威尼斯） 第15—16页 第21-27页 第35-44页 五、圣托里尼岛 第54页起 六、专 1.冰激凌 第11页 2.希腊的猫咪 第13-14页 3.酒店（米岛和圣岛酒店详细介绍） 第50-53页 4.小物 5.车 6.集体照 7.美食 有些爱情只注定了缘分,因为上帝忘了给他们交错点。于是，爱情就只能成为永远的平行线。 只是站在爱人的身边,默默的付出,静静的守候。不奢望走近,也不祈求拥有。即便知道根本不会有结果，却仍然执迷不悔，只留下回忆中美好的片段，当做永恒！这恐怕是世界上最高尚最美丽的爱情，也是“柏拉图的永恒”要向我们传递的精神。 亚特兰提斯是一个传说中拥有高度文明的帝国，在很久之前突然沉入深海消失。二千多年前柏拉图在《对话录》中两度提及这一片已消失的地方，并把它描述成他心目中的理想国：亚特兰提斯沿岸地方多山，中央为一片广阔而肥沃的大平原，矿产量丰富，而且动物、食用植物及木材众多。岛的中心为王宫及供奉海神波塞东的神殿，镶满金、银、象牙等珍贵物品。主岛被一条宽六百尺的运河围绕，外围是一环宽一千七百尺的土地，再外面有一千七百尺的环形运河。在繁荣与富裕下居住于此的人民都很温和、贤明，不会沉于巨富，凡事以德为尊。 亚特兰提斯的灭亡一直归咎于火山爆发、地震、洪水。但到现在也没有人能够证明或否定它的存在。也许它只是一个传说，也许，它只是柏拉图心中的一个理想，就像柏拉图的爱情一样，美好、纯净、但却如此难以企及。 希腊、雅典、爱琴海，光是提到这几个词，我们就已经陶醉了。希腊是神圣的，动人传说、古老文化、加诸种种幻想，人们几乎是怀着朝圣般的心情踏上这片土地的。雅典，这个在公元前五世纪就已经高度繁荣的城市，如今虽然也是一副钢筋水泥、烟雾腾腾的现代都市面孔，但雅典城里的每一座山丘都为雅典绵延不绝的历史作证。西方文明的全部文化传统，都可以在雅典这座现代都市的那些山丘上，保存的伯利克里的雅典遗产中找到影踪。我们无不是生活在巴特农神庙的荫庇之下。沐浴着金色阳光的巴特农神庙如今依然残缺不全的屹立在阿克罗波利斯山上，纯白色的多立克式大理石石柱在卫城山风的吹抚下显得如此沧桑，它可以还原我们所有对希腊，对爱情的幻想。 我们所有对爱琴海，对希腊的美好印象都始于圣托里尼。碧海蓝天，白墙蓝瓦，圆圆的极具东正教风格的屋顶，穿着黑色长袍，裹着黑色头巾，打扮得很宗教的当地居民，一片片依附在悬崖峭壁上的白房子，还有全希腊最美的，看日落的圣地伊亚。圣托里尼被誉为“自由的天堂”。提起爱琴海我们总是不由自主地会联想到爱情，以至提到希腊，让人想到的除了古迹文明之外就是浪漫和爱情，在这个爱琴海最美的小岛上发生爱情是再浪漫不过的。 然而，人们都错了。爱琴海并不是为爱情而生，人们对爱琴海种种美好的爱情幻想只是一厢情愿。在远古时代，有位国王叫米诺斯，他统治着克里特岛。米诺斯的儿子在雅典的阿提刻被人阴谋杀害了。为了替儿子复仇，米诺斯向雅典的人民挑战。在神的惩罚下，雅典正充满灾荒和瘟疫。迫于米诺斯的挑战，雅典人向米诺斯王求和。米诺斯宫殿里关了一个半人半牛的怪物，米诺斯要求雅典人每隔九年送七对童男童女到克里特岛作为牺牲供奉。后来，有个叫希萨斯的青年下决心废除这个规矩，便与父亲商量要混迹于少男少女中，上克里特岛寻隙把怪物制服。这件事情凶多吉少。父亲约定，他会在海岸上时时眺望，如果有一条撑着白帆的小船出现海面，证明事情已经成功；如果顺潮飘来的小船上挂的是黑帆，那就说明儿子已经死亡。 很顺利，儿子在米诺斯宫殿里制服了怪物，但走不出米诺斯迷宫一般的宫殿，而米诺斯的女儿却爱上了他，帮他出逃。谁料这对恋人漂流在大海的半途中，公主突然病亡，这位青年悲痛欲绝，忘了把船上的黑帆改挂白帆。天天站在崖石上担惊受怕的父亲一见黑帆，只知大事不好，立即跳海自尽。而这位父亲的名字就叫爱琴。 爱琴海的名字就是这么一个英雄而又悲哀的故事。爱琴海是属于父亲的海，他是父亲的眼泪和血液，他，不属于爱情。 然而人们又都对了，爱琴海的存在就是为了爱情。当公主的躯体僵硬在湛蓝的海面上，希萨斯的心也僵硬了。海神波塞东没有眷顾这对恋人，巴特农神庙也忽略了他们的依偎，他们的僵硬注定了父亲的结局。父亲叫爱琴只是巧合，这片海域淹没了父亲的期盼，但是见证了他们的爱情。所以爱琴海，接受了世人对爱情的朝圣。 传说终究是传说，爱情会消失，但爱琴海还在；爱情会发生，但亚特兰提斯已沉没。爱情再虔诚，也敌不过生老病死，但爱琴海，亚特兰提斯会永远存在。就像爱情的回忆，只言片语，会时不时地浮现，年华老去，仍旧清晰，这样的情愫是溶入血液的。哪怕，你极力控制，但她还是会因为一串手链，一行文字冒出来，占据你所有的大脑空间。 爱情，不是爱琴海，不是亚特兰提斯。因为，爱情存在短暂的生命里； 爱情，就是爱琴海，就是亚特兰提斯。因为，爱情不随生命埋葬…… 在我看来，就算爱琴海与爱情无关，它仍然是一个值得跟爱的人一起去的地方。它是我的一个情结，我想能跟他牵着手徜徉在蓝白相间的童话世界里；我想在爱琴海边大喊“我爱你~”，然后扑进他的怀里；我想能跟他静静的坐在海边，看着夕阳西下直到满天繁星…… 虽然不如梦想中的圆满，但我总算是到了希腊，到了圣托里尼，到了爱琴海，有好友的陪伴，有感情的寄托，还遇到了一帮志同道合的团友以及一个帅帅的导游 先上几张照片作为开篇吧~~ 裸体天堂海滩 正式开始！ 第一站——阿布扎比 从北京到希腊，中间到阿布扎比转机。 接近9个小时的航程从北京到阿布扎比转机，国际航班飞机大，前面还有视频娱乐系统，长时间飞行倒也不寂寞。 比较有意思的是娱乐系统里有一个功能是可以看到飞机前端和下面的实时视频。第一次开洋荤，觉得起飞的时候看起很霸道 飞机餐！什么阿拉伯烤土豆，咋一吃还不错，连续在飞机上吃了几顿，最后简直觉得不能下咽 仍然是飞机餐，番茄牛肉丸子，看到米饭很激动，但是真的很难吃，就是一个香料味儿 到阿布扎比，是清晨，天蒙蒙亮，机场的清晨已经是一派繁忙 阿布扎比机场内部，装修好梦幻啊~~ 机场免税店，东西太诱人了，想到刚出门，不能这么快就乱花钱，于是我忍啊忍 对着一大堆巧克力最终还是没忍住，在回程的时候消费了两百多“阿拉伯联合酋长国迪拉姆” 机场风格真的很超现代 这个东西最初觉得很乖很美味，当后来一天都吃这种东西的时候，简直想发誓以后都不吃汉堡包了！ 空中看阿布扎比原来是这样的，感觉就是地好平、路好直、房子好矮、土地好贫瘠~ 转机飞往雅典，又是5个小时 ，不过能看到海了，好激动，终于要奔向爱琴海了~~ 第二站——雅典 俯瞰爱琴海，心情那叫一个激动啊~ 阿提哈德航空公司，还是全球十大航空公
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张碧志前言西藏我们准备好了吗？？西藏在我们心中一直是神秘而又不敢想像的地方。偶尔听到身边朋友或同事去过那里我们总是怀着崇敬的眼光去小小的向往一下，而自己却从来没有想过几时会去或者用怎么样的方式去接触这片土地。印象中那里是那么的遥远那么的遥不可及。藏地密码带我们以一种奇幻的方式从一个侧面掀起了他神秘面纱的一角滇藏线的旅行让我间接感觉到我们可以进行准备了。在新藏线的起点我终于感到西藏我们做好准备了。当日历翻到2014年的1月王狐狸和好奇蛤蟆打开了西藏的地图。越是深入了解越是不能自拔，西藏的一座座山峰一条条山沟一座座寺庙都让我们无法取舍，引用6世达赖喇嘛仓央嘉措的诗句“压根没见最好，也省得神魂颠倒；原来不熟也好，免得情思萦绕。”2014年王狐狸与好奇蛤蟆将把西藏地图上的地面再次变成我们相机中的美景。王狐狸/好奇蛤蟆2014年10月西藏尼泊尔精彩mv完成 一样与不一样背起背包、意味着旅程的开始，拿起登山杖、证明旅途的艰辛。挎上相机、预示美景将令人陶醉。一样的季节，不一样的出发日期。一样的出行方式，不一样的目的地。一样的心情迎接，不一样的挑战。2014年9月我们进藏，希望一样的平安顺利、一样的欢笑不断、一样的终身难忘。 地名占楼更新西藏自治区-བƌ4;ད;851;'38;ང་སྐྱོ908;་ལྗƌ4;908;ས།拉萨市-'39;ྷ་Ɗ2;851;གྲོང་ཁ017;ེར&53;那曲地区-ནག་ཆུ་ས851;ཁུལ&51;班戈县-དཔ'39;་མག964;ནƁ1;Ɖ8;ྫོ908;་།尼玛县-ཉ'54;་ƈ8;་938;011;'64;'08;་།双湖县-མཚོƁ1;'06;Ƈ3;ིས་;ར(11;964;Ɔ8;851;།阿里地区-ƈ8;ངའ་'38;'54;942;851;ས་ཁུ939;Ɓ1;措勤县-མཚƌ4;་910;ེན851;རྫ;ོང་།改则县-སྒ962;ར;་;རƐ9;ེ་;'38;(11;ོང851;།革吉县-དག'62;851;རྒྱ;ས851;རྫ;ོ;Ɔ8;851;།噶尔县-Ɗ2;ྒར་;རƑ1;ོ;ང;&51;།;日土县-938;956;་;ཐོƆ6;་ར;ྫོ'08;་;།札达县-ར;(09;Ɓ1;མ'21;འ་ར;ྫ'64;ང851;&53;普兰县-942;ྤུ;་'43;ྲ;962;'08;་;རྫོ908;Ɓ1;Ɓ3;日喀则地区-གཞ;ི;942;་ཀ་རྩེ&51;གྲ;964;ང་ཁ017;962;Ɖ8;།仲巴县-འབ;ྲོ908;་པ851;ར011;ོ'08;་།萨嘎县-ས851;ད906;Ɖ6;་938;ྫོང་།吉隆县-སƎ4;ྱི921;Ɓ1;Ɔ6;018;ོ;908;་རྫོ908;851;།定日县-ƈ1;Ƌ4;ང;་རི;་;རྫ964;ང་།;定结县-གཏ;ིང;་942;'84;ྱ;ེ;942;&51;'38;ྫོƆ8;་།聂拉木县-906;'13;འ་ལ;མ&51;ར(11;964;ང་&53;尼泊尔联邦民主共和国-सं28;ì8;य ल379;क;तान381;त्52;िक ग;ण40;44;्340;्ë2;ì6;40;81;मक 加德满都-è5;ाठमाडौं, 325;ì6;ठम;66;ê4;्ड369;奇特旺国家公园-é0;ि40;वन रा;ष381;ट381;52;67;य न67;25;ु334;्ज蓝毗尼-54;ुम;î1;बि44;ी博卡拉-प79;खर;ा过去与现在我们，曾经，近一年时间着手准备今年的西藏之行；我们，曾经，近半年观察包车师傅才最终确定；我们，曾经，西藏会带给我们更多；我们，曾经，西藏之行甚于尼泊尔之行；我们，曾经，高反如此恐惧；我们，曾经，转山无任何奢望；我们，曾经，西藏是2014年旅行的重中之中；而，现在的我们已经克服高反、近距离走进双湖、班公错、转山、珠峰大本营的阿里大北线又继续玩转尼泊尔，加德满都、奇卡旺、蓝毗尼、博卡拉、巴德岗、帕坦 王狐狸的全景世界之阿里预告一班戈错预告二双湖普诺岗日冰川 预告三双湖普诺岗日冰川预告四双湖普诺岗日冰川预告五文布北村预告六当惹雍错预告七迷路之羌塘预告八改则之搓板路预告九班公错 预告班公错 预告十一狮泉河 预告十二扎达土林预告十三托林寺预告十四托林景区 预告十五扎达土林预告十六岗仁波齐 预告十七冈仁波齐之止热寺预告十八岗仁波齐之卓玛拉山口预告十九岗仁波齐之卓玛拉山口 预告二十预告二十一雅江源头预告二十二佩枯错 预告二十三珠峰大本营预告二十四喜马拉雅群山尼泊尔预告一丛林探险预告二蓝毗尼([]
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